AADT

Annual Average Daily Traffic

AAWT

Annual Average Weekday Traffic

ACoW

Archaeological Clerk of Works

AfL

Agreement for Lease

AOD

Above Ordnance Datum

ATC

Automatic Traffic Counter

AWI

Ancient Woodland Inventory

BBS

Breeding Bird Survey

BBWL

Berwick Bank Wind Limited

BoCC

Birds of Conservation Concern

BGS

British Geological Survey

BNG

British National Grid

BoP

Balance of Plant

BRES

Business Register and Employment Survey

BS

British Standard

CA

Conservation Area

CAPEX

Capital Expenditure

CAR

Controlled Activities Regulations

CBC

Common Bird Census

CCP

Climate Change Plan

CEA

Cumulative Effect Assessment

CEMP

Construction Environmental Management Plan

CES

Crown Estate Scotland

CIfA

Chartered Institute for Archaeologists

CIEEM

Chartered Institute of Ecology and Environmental Management

CIRIA

Construction Industry Research and Information Association

CMS

Construction Method Statements

COPA

The Control of Pollution Act

CPO

Compulsory Purchase Order

CRTN

Calculation of Road Traffic Noise

CTMRP

Construction Traffic Management & Routing Plan

DEVEX

Development Expenditure

DMRB

Design Manual for Roads and Bridges

DPSG

Designation Policy and Selection Guidance

DTM

Digital Terrain Model

Dunbar ERF

Dunbar Energy Recovery Facility

DWPA

Drinking Water Protected Area

EA

Environment Agency

ECML

East Coast Main Line

ECoW

Ecological Clerk of Works

eDNA

Environmental DNA

EEA

European Economic Area

EcIA

Ecological Impact Assessment

EHO

Environmental Health Officer

EIA

Environmental Impact Assessment

EIA Report

Environmental Impact Assessment Report

ELC

East Lothian Council

ELCAS

East Lothian Council Archaeology Service

EMF

Electric and Magnetic Fields

EMS

Environmental Management System

EPS

European Protected Species

ESA

Environmentally Sensitive Area

ETG

Expert Topic Group

EU

European Union

eVDV

Estimated Vibration Dose Value

EZoI

Ecological Zone of Influence

FEH

Flood Estimation Handbook

FOI

Freedom of Information

FoV

Field of View

FRA

Flood Risk Assessment

FTE

Full-time Equivalent

FTOWDG

Forth and Tay Offshore Wind Developers Group

GCN

Great Crested Newt

GDL

Garden and Designed Landscape

GDP

Gross Domestic Product

GI

Ground Investigation

GIS

Gas Insulated Switchgear

GLVIA

Guideline for Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment

GPP

Guidance for Pollution Prevention

GVA

Gross Value Added

GWDTE

Groundwater Dependent Terrestrial Ecosystem

HDD

Horizontal Directional Drilling

HEMP

Habitat Enhancement and Management Plan

HEPS

Historic Environment Policy for Scotland

HER

Historic Environment Record

HES

Historic Environment Scotland

HGV

Heavy Goods Vehicle

HJA

Hardisty Jones Associates

HLA

Historic Landuse Assessment

HRA

Habitat Regulation Appraisal

HSE

UK Health and Safety Executive

HSI

Habitat Suitability Index

HV

High Voltage

HVAC

High Voltage Alternating Current

HVDC

High Voltage Direct Current

IAQM

Institute of Air Quality Management

IEF

Important Ecological Feature

IEMA

Institute of Environmental Management and Assessment

IGDL

Inventory Garden and Design Landscape

INNS

Invasive Non-Native Species

IOF

Important Ornithological Feature

ISO

International Standards Organisation

ITL1

International Territorial Level 1

LB

Listed Building

LBAP

Local Biodiversity Action Plan

LBS

Local Biodiversity Site

LCA

Landscape Character Assessment (Chapter 6)

LCA

Land Capability for Agriculture (Chapter 14)

LCT

Landscape Character Type

LDP

Local Development Plan

LEMP

Landscape and Ecological Management Plan

LF

Land Fall

LGV

Light Goods Vehicle

LNCS

Local Nature Conservation Site

LNR

Local Nature Reserve

LSE

Likely Significant Effects

LTS

Local Transport Strategy

LVIA

Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment

MHWS

Mean High Water Springs

MLWS

Mean Low Water Springs

MS-LOT

Marine Scotland Licensing Operations Team

MSP

Member of the Scottish Parliament

N/A

Not Applicable

NCLAs

National Landscape Character Areas

NCR

National Cycle Route

NGESO

National Grid Electricity System Operator

NIEA

Northern Ireland Environment Agency

NnG

Neart Na Gaoithe

NNR

National Nature Reserve

NPF

National Planning Framework

NPF4

National Planning Framework 4

NRHE

National Record of the Historic Environment

NRTF

National Road Traffic Forecast

NSR

Noise Sensitive Receptor

NTS

Non-Technical Summary

NVC

National Vegetation Classification

NWSS

Native Woodland Survey Scotland

OLMP

Outline Landscape Mitigation Plan

OMS

Operations, Maintenance and Service

ONS

Office for National Statistics

OPEN

Optimised Environments

OPEX

Operational Expenditure

OS

Ordnance Survey

OSP

Offshore Substation Platform

OfTW

Offshore Transmission Works

OnTW

Onshore Transmission Works

OWEPS

Offshore Wind Energy Policy Statement

OZoI

Ornithological Zone of Influence

PAC

Pre-Application Consultation

PAN

Planning Advice Note

PAYE

Pay as You Earn

PCP

Pollution Contingency Plan

PDE

Project Design Envelope

PEA

Preliminary Ecological Appraisal

PFA

Pulverised Fuel Ash

PoE

Port of Entry

PPG

Pollution Prevention Guidelines

PPV

Peak Particle Velocity

PWS

Private Water Supply

RAG

Red Amber Green

RIAA

Report to Inform Appropriate Assessment

RIGS

Regionally Important Geological and Geomorphological Site

RSS

Regional Spatial Strategy

SA

Seascape Character Area

SAC

Special Area of Conservation

SBC

Scottish Borders Council

SBL

Scottish Biodiversity List

SCA

Seascape Character Assessment

SDP

Strategic Development Plan

SEPA

Scottish Environment Protection Agency

SESplan

The Edinburgh and South East Scotland Strategic Development Plan

SG

Supplementary Guidance

SIC07

Standard Industrial Classification 2007

SINC

Sites of Interest for Nature Conservation

SLA

Special Landscape Area

SLVIA

Seascape, Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment

SM

Scheduled Monument

SMC

Scheduled Monument Consent

SNH

Scottish Natural Heritage (NatureScot)

SOWEC

Scottish Offshore Wind Energy Council

SPA

Special Protection Area

SPEN

Scottish Power Energy Network

SPG

Supplementary Planning Guidance

SPP

Species Protection Plan (Chapter 7)

SSC

Suspended Sediment Concentrations

SSER

SSE Renewables Ltd

SSSI

Site of Special Scientific Interest

STEM

Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics

SUDS

Sustainable Urban Drainage System

SUW

Southern Upland Way

SWEL

Seagreen Wind Energy Ltd

SWT

Scottish Wildlife Trust

TAN

Technical Advice Note

TPC

Travel Plan Coordinator

TRL

Transport Research Library

TRRL

Transport and Road Research Library

TS

Transport Scotland

TTWA

Travel to Work Areas

TWIC

The Wildlife Information Centre

UK

United Kingdom

UKBAP

United Kingdom Biodiversity Action Plan

VDV

Vibration Dose Value

WBS

Wintering Bird Survey

WCA

Wildlife and Countryside Act

WEWSA

The Water Environment and Water Services (Scotland) Act 2003

WFD

Water Framework Directive

WHO

World Health Organisation

WQMP

Water Quality Monitoring Programme

WSI

Written Scheme of Investigation

WTG

Wind Turbine Generator

ZDA

Zone Development Agreement

ZTV

Zone of Theoretical Visibility

Abnormal Indivisible Loads

Loads / vehicles which exceed the maximum vehicle weight, axle weight or dimensions which are set out in the Road Vehicles (Construction and Use) Regulations 1986 as amended.

All industries

This industry definition includes all Standard Industrial Classification 2007 (SIC07) codes and can be thought of as the ‘whole’ economy.

Annual Average Daily Traffic Flows (AADT)

The average traffic flow over the course of a full year which passes a particular location on the road network each day.

Automatic Traffic Counter (ATC)

Equipment which is laid across a road and measures traffic characteristics such as the number of vehicles passing over it, speed and classification.

Balance of Plant (BoP)

Infrastructural components of a wind farm, except the turbine itself.

In the context of power engineering, refers to the supporting components and auxiliary systems of a power plant needed to deliver the energy, other than the generating unit itself. These may include transformers, inverters, switching and control equipment, protection equipment, power conditioners, supporting structures etc., depending on the scheme.

Bathing Water Directive (SEPA)

The Bathing Water Directive is concerned with the quality of bathing waters, including the sea, inland lochs and rivers.  A bathing water is one where a large number of people are expected to bathe and a permanent bathing prohibition, or permanent advice against bathing, has not been issued.

Birds Directive

Council Directive 2009/147/EC on the conservation of wild birds. The Directive aims to protect all European wild birds and the habitats of listed species, in particular through the designation of Special Protection Areas.

CadnaA

A noise modelling software package.

Category A listed building

Buildings of special architectural or historic interest which are outstanding examples of a particular period, style, or building type and listed under the Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) (Scotland) Act 1997. (DPSG 2019, Annex 2).

Category B listed building

Buildings of special architectural or historic interest which are major examples of a particular period, style, or building type and listed under the Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) (Scotland) Act 1997. (DPSG 2019, Annex 2).

Category C listed building

Buildings of special architectural or historic interest which are representative examples of a period, style, or building type and listed under the Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) (Scotland) Act 1997. (DPSG 2019, Annex 2).

Conservation Area

Areas of special architectural or historic interest the character or appearance of which it is desirable to preserve or enhance designated under the Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) (Scotland) Act 1997).

Core Paths

Paths, waterways or other ways of crossing land to help people exercise their access rights under The Land Reform (Scotland) Act 2003.

Effect

The term ‘effect’ is defined as the consequences for the receptor of an impact. The use of the word ‘effect’ rather than ‘impact’ at the end of species and designated site accounts is based on the wording of the EIA Regulations which requires the determination of ‘likely significant effects’.

EIA Regulations, 2017

The Town and Country Planning (Environmental Impact Assessment) (Scotland) Regulations 2017.

Full-time equivalent (FTE)

Indicates the work-time of an employed person in a way that makes jobs comparable (e.g. an FTE of 1.0 is equivalent to a full-time worker), while an FTE of 0.5 signals half a full-time worker.

Heavy Goods Vehicle (HGV)

All goods vehicles > 3.5 tonnes gross maximum weight.

High Voltage Alternating Current (HVAC)

High Voltage Alternating Current (HVAC) can be used to transmit power from the offshore substation to the onshore substations. HVAC systems use alternating current for the transmission of electrical power, increasing the voltage of the AC power generated by the WTG’s to a higher voltage to allow efficient transmission over long distances and connection to at the transmission system. 

High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC)

High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) can be used to transmit power from offshore substations to onshore substations. HVDC systems use direct current for the transmission of electrical power, using converters at the offshore substation to converter AC power generated by the WTG to DC, and returning the power to AC at the onshore substation for connection to the AC transmission grid. 

Impact

Used commonly throughout the EIA process and is defined as a change experienced by a receptor (this can be beneficial, neutral or adverse).

Impact Industries

Various permutations of impact industries are utilised, each defined in volume 4, appendix 13.4. These impact industries should not be seen as representing only activity that currently contributes to the offshore wind sector. Instead, these impact industries should be seen as representative activities in industries that can contribute either directly or indirectly to the construction, operation and maintenance, and decommissioning of offshore energy infrastructure.

International Territorial Level 1

Geocode standard for referencing the subdivisions of the United Kingdom for statistical purposes, used by the Office for National Statistics (ONS). ITL1 statistical regions correspond with the regions of the UK as used by the ONS.

Inventory Gardens and Designed Landscapes

Gardens and designated landscapes listed in the inventory of gardens and designated landscapes under section 32A of the Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Areas Act 1979. The inventory includes gardens and designed landscapes of national importance. Sites are assessed for their:

- Artistic interest

- Historical interest

- Horticultural interest

- Architectural interest

- Archaeological interest

- Scenic interest

- Nature conservation interest. (DPSG 2019, Annex 3)

Inventory Battlefield

Battlefields listed in the inventory of historic battlefields under section 32B of the Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Areas Act 1979. The inventory lists nationally important battlefields. To decide if a battlefield is nationally important, its cultural significance is examined under three headings.

- Historical association

- Significant physical remains and/or archaeological potential

- Battlefield landscape

(DPSG 2019, Annex 4)

Landfall

A landfall is where the offshore (sub-marine) export cables come to shore and are connected to the onshore cables at a buried transition pit.

Light Goods Vehicle (LGV)

All commercial vehicles < 3.5 tonnes gross maximum weight.

Mean Speed

Average speed.

Offshore Wind Sector

This industry definition represents activity that is currently supported by the offshore wind sector.

Offshore Works

The offshore components of the Project located below Mean High Water Springs, including offshore wind turbines, inter-array cables, offshore export cables, cable protection and offshore substations.

Onshore Substation

The electricity transmission buildings will either be a high voltage alternating current (HVAC) substation comprising of control buildings, internal and external HV equipment and Gas Insulated Switchgear; or a high voltage direct current (HVDC) converter substation comprising of converter buildings, HV internal and external equipment and Gas Insulated Switchgear. The assessments within the EIA have considered the parameters of either design scenario. For the purposes of the EIA Report, the electricity transmission buildings are referred to as the “onshore substation”, which encompasses either option of a substation or converter substation.

Onshore Transmission Works (OnTW)

The onshore components of the Project located above Mean Low Water Springs. Includes cable landfall, onshore cables and onshore substation.

Open Cut Trenching (on land)

Open cut trenching is a traditional method of cable installation. On land it requires opening up the surface of the ground through excavation to the required depth to lay the cable. Following installation, the trench will be backfilled and land that is used for temporary access will be restored.

Open Cut Trenching (at landfall)

Open cut trenching at the cable landfall location would follow the method described above but also require temporary sheet pile walls allowing the opening of a trench through unstable wet beach sands. Across the nearshore, high-energy littoral zone, shallow water dredging techniques would be employed. Once sufficient depth is reached, submerged trenching equipment will take over.

Person-years employment

The term ‘person year’ in employment terms is often used in construction labour reporting, in which one construction person year represents the work done by one person in a year comprising a standard number of working days. This method of measuring jobs created is important, as many workers working on the Project will work for a fixed period or be involved in other projects in parallel.

Project

Berwick Bank Wind Farm, comprising the Offshore Works and Onshore Transmission Works (OnTW).

Proposed Development

The proposed Onshore Transmission Works (OnTW) required to enable the grid connection for the Berwick Bank Wind Farm.

Receptor

Used throughout the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) process and is defined as the element in the environment affected by a development (e.g. a badger in the case of ecology).

Scheduled Monument

A scheduled monument is a nationally historic building or site that is included in the Schedule of Monuments kept by Historic Environment Scotland under the Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Areas Act 1979. The particular significance needed to define the monument as of ‘national’ importance may be established in terms of one or more of the following:

a) It contributes significantly to our understanding or appreciation of the past, or has the potential to do so. It may do so in itself, or as part of a monument type, or as a geographical group of related monuments.

b) It retains structural, architectural, decorative or other physical remains to the extent that it makes a significant contribution to our understanding or appreciation of the past. The remains can be upstanding fabric, evidence of buried archaeological structures and deposits, scatters of artefacts or a combination of these.

c) It is a rare example of a monument type when assessed against current knowledge of Scotland’s history, archaeology and/or architecture, and of the region in which the monument is found.

d) It is a particularly representative example of a monument type when assessed against knowledge of Scotland’s history, archaeology and/or architecture and of the region in which the monument is found.

e) It has research potential which could significantly contribute to our understanding or appreciation of the past.

f) It makes a significant contribution to the landscape and/or our understanding of the historic landscape. This may include the relationship of the monument to other monuments or natural features in the landscape, and/or the significance of its setting in understanding the monument or the monument type.

g) It has significant associations with historical, traditional, social or artistic figures, events, movements and/or practices that are of national importance. (DPSG 2019, Annex 1)

Section 96 Agreement

Agreement pursuant to Section 69 of the Roads (Scotland) Act 1984.

Sub-national

Geography that is smaller than a National Study Area, but larger than a Local Study Area (Socio-economics).

The Applicant

Berwick Bank Wind Farm Limited (BBWFL) is a wholly owned subsidiary of SSE Renewables Limited and will hereafter be referred to as ‘the Applicant’.

The Site

The extent of the Proposed Development site boundary which encompasses the boundary of the land to be developed, shown on Volume 2, Figure 1.1 

Trenchless technology

Trenchless technology is a type of subsurface construction work which can be completed without the need for continuous open trenches.  The operation can be completed using a number of methods, materials and equipment capable of installing new below ground cabling with minimal disruption to the at-surface infrastructure or activities. Some examples of this construction method include Horizontal Direction Drilling (HDD), Pipe Thrusting and Micro-tunnelling.

85th Percentile Speed

The speed at or below which 85% of all vehicles are recorded to travel.