[4] Council Directive 92/43/EEC on the Conservation of natural habitats and of wild fauna and flora) and Directive 2009/147/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 30 November 2009 on the conservation of wild birds.

[5] C = Construction, O = Operation and maintenance, D = Decommissioning

[6] Table 1 ‘Worst-case’ scenario for Project Alpha assessment (includes Turbines, intra-array cables and ancillary structures and any activities to place maintain or remove these) (marine.gov.scot)

[7] A4 Report with Paragraph Numbering (marine.gov.scot)

[8] ota_construction_method_statement.pdf (marine.gov.scot)

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Figures ▼

Figure 9.1
Proposed Development Fish and Shellfish Ecology Study Area

Figure 9.2
Herring Larval Density of over 100 per m2 per Year from 2007 to 2016

Figure 9.3
Herring Spawning Habitat Preference Classifications from EMODnet and Site-Specific Survey Data Covering the Buchan Stock Herring Spawning Habitats

Figure 9.4
Sandeel Habitat Preference Classifications from EMODnet and Site-specific Survey Data

Figure 9.5
Model Derived Predictions of Density and Probability of Presence of Sandeel within the Proposed Development (derived from Langton et al. (2021))

Figure 9.6
Spawning Habitats for Herring, Sandeel, Sprat and Plaice with Underwater Noise Contours (Unweighted SPLpk) Associated with the Southwest Piling Location at 4,000 kJ Hammer Energy

Figure 9.7
Spawning Habitats for Herring, Sandeel, Sprat and Plaice with Underwater Noise Contours (Unweighted SPLpk) Associated with the Southwest Piling Location at 3,000 kJ Hammer Energy

Figure 9.8
Spawning Habitats for Herring, Sandeel, Sprat and Plaice with Underwater Noise Contours (Unweighted SPLpk) Associated with the Northern Piling Location at 4,000 kJ Hammer Energy

Figure 9.9
Spawning Habitats for Herring, Sandeel, Sprat and Plaice with Underwater Noise Contours (Unweighted SPLpk) Associated with the Northern Piling Location at 3,000 kJ Hammer Energy

Figure 9.10
Illustration of Magnetic Field Reduction with Distance, both Laterally and Vertically, from Undersea Inter-array Power Cable (reproduced from CSA, 2019)

Figure 9.11
Other Projects/Plans Screened into the Cumulative Effects Assessment for Fish and Shellfish Ecology

Tables ▼

Table 9.1
Summary of Marine (Scotland) Act 2010 Relevant to Fish and Shellfish Ecology

Table 9.2
Summary of Marine Coastal Access Act 2009 Relevant to Fish and Shellfish Ecology

Table 9.3
Summary of the Habitats Regulations Relevant to Fish and Shellfish Ecology

Table 9.4
Summary of Scotland’s National Marine Plan Relevant to Fish and Shellfish Ecology

Table 9.5
Summary of Scottish Priority Marine Features (NatureScot, 2020) Relevant to Fish and Shellfish Ecology

Table 9.6
Summary of The Sectoral Marine Plan for Offshore Wind Energy 2020 Relevant to Fish and Shellfish Ecology

Table 9.7
Summary of the UK Marine Policy Statement Relevant to Fish and Shellfish Ecology

Table 9.8
Summary of Key Consultation of Relevance to Fish and Shellfish Ecology

Table 9.9
Summary of Key Desktop Reports Identified in Scoping Report and Scoping Opinion

Table 9.10
Summary of Site-Specific Survey Data

Table 9.11
Species Known to Have Spawning and Nursery Areas that Overlap with the Proposed Development Fish and Shellfish Ecology Study Area and Spawning Periods (Coull et al., 1998, Ellis et al., 2010) (see volume 3, appendix 9.1)

Table 9.12
Designated Sites with Relevant Qualifying Interest Features for the Fish and Shellfish Ecology EIA Report Chapter

Table 9.13
Defining Criteria for IEFs

Table 9.14
IEF Species and Representative Groups within the Proposed Development Fish and Shellfish Ecology Study Area

Table 9.15
Maximum Design Scenario Considered for Each Impact as Part of the Assessment of Likely Significant Effects on Fish and Shellfish Ecology

Table 9.16
Impacts Scoped Out of the Assessment for Fish and Shellfish Ecology (tick confirms the impact is scoped out)

Table 9.17
Definition of Terms Relating to the Magnitude of an Impact

Table 9.18
Definition of Terms Relating to the Sensitivity of the Receptor

Table 9.19
Matrix Used for the Assessment of the Significance of the Effect

Table 9.20
Designed In Measures Adopted as Part of the Proposed Development

Table 9.21
Criteria for Onset of Injury to Fish due to Impulsive Piling (Popper et al., 2014)

Table 9.22
Summary of Peak Pressure Injury Ranges for Fish due to Phase of Impact Piling resulting in Maximum Peak Sound Pressure Level, for both Wind Turbine Foundations and OSP/Offshore Convertor Substation Platform Foundations Based on the Peak Pressure Metric

Table 9.23
Injury Ranges for Fish due to Impact Pile Driving for the “Realistic” and “Maximum” Pile Driving for Wind Turbine Jacket Foundations, and for the Piling of the OSP/Offshore Convertor Substation Platform Jackets Based on the Cumulative SEL Metric (N/E Denotes where Thresholds are not Exceeded)

Table 9.24
TTS Injury Ranges for Fish due to Impact Pile Driving at Two Locations Concurrently, for the “Realistic” and “Maximum” Pile Driving for Wind Turbine Jacket Foundations Based on the Cumulative SEL Metric

Table 9.25
Injury Ranges for all Fish Groups Relating to Varying Orders of Detonation

Table 9.26
Potential Risk for the Onset of Behavioural Effects in Fish from Piling (Popper et al., 2014)a

Table 9.27
Average Magnetic Fields (μT) Generated for AC and DC Offshore Export Cables at Horizontal Distances from the Cable (Assuming Cable Burial to a Depth of 1 m; Source: Modified from Normandeau et al., 2011)

Table 9.28
Relationship between Geomagnetic Field Detection Electrosensitivity, and the Ability to Detect 50/60-Hz AC Fields in Common Marine Fish and Shellfish Species (Adapted from CSA, 2019)

Table 9.29
Relationship between Geomagnetic Field Detection Electrosensitivity, and the Ability to Detect 50/60-Hz AC Fields in Diadromous Fish Species (Adapted from CSA, 2019)

Table 9.30
Monitoring Commitments for Fish and Shellfish Ecology

Table 9.31
List of Other Developments Considered Within the CEA for Fish and Shellfish Ecology

Table 9.32
Maximum Design Scenario Considered for Each Impact as Part of the Assessment of Likely Significant Cumulative Effects on Fish and Shellfish Ecology

Table 9.33
Total Area and Component Parts of Temporary Habitat Loss/Disturbance of the Relevant Cumulative Impact Projects in the Construction Phase of the Proposed Development

Table 9.34
Total Area and Component Parts of Temporary Habitat Loss/Disturbance of the Relevant Cumulative Projects in the Operation and Maintenance Phase of the Proposed Development

Table 9.35
Total Area and Component Parts of Temporary Habitat Loss/Disturbance of the Relevant Tier 3 Cumulative Impact Projects in the Construction Phase of the Proposed Development

Table 9.36
Piling Parameters of the Relevant Cumulative Projects in the Construction Phase of the Proposed Development

Table 9.37
Total Area and Component Parts of Long-Term Subtidal Habitat Loss of the Relevant Cumulative Projects in the Construction and Operation and Maintenance Phases of the Proposed Development

Table 9.38
Total Area and Component Parts of Long Term Subtidal Habitat Loss of the Relevant Cumulative Projects in Tier 3 the Construction and Operation and Maintenance Operation and Maintenance Phases of the Proposed Development

Table 9.39
Total Cable Length of the Relevant Cumulative Projects in the Operation and Maintenance Phases of the Proposed Development (Seagreen 1A Export Cable Corridor not Included in Cumulative Length)

Table 9.40
Total Area and Component Parts of Introduced Hard Substrate of the Relevant Cumulative Projects in the Operation and Maintenance Phase of the Proposed Development

Table 9.41
Summary of Likely Significant Inter-Related Effects on the Environment for Fish and Shellfish Ecology from Individual Effects Occurring across the Construction, Operation and Maintenance and Decommissioning Phases of the Proposed Development and from Multiple Effects Interacting Across all Phases (Receptor-led Effects)

Table 9.42
Summary of Likely Significant Environmental Effects, Mitigation and Monitoring

Table 9.43
Summary of Likely Significant Cumulative Environment Effects, Mitigation and Monitoring

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