8. Communication

8.1. Internal Meetings and Communication

Weekly internal construction meetings shall be held during the construction phase. These meetings shall include environmental matters and shall be attended by the CEM and ECoW. Any issues resulting from daily or weekly audits shall be discussed with appropriate corrective actions agreed. A ‘weekly look ahead’ shall be provided at the construction meeting where any environmental constraints or special requirements can be discussed and agreed in advance.

The CEM will attend any critical path or construction activities which have the potential to affect the local community and need to be communicated.

Environmental performance meetings will be arranged as necessary. These meetings will be attended as appropriate by the CEM, ECoW and representatives of the workforce. Notes of the meetings will be made available to all interested parties.

Site Environmental Notice Boards will display the Environmental Policy of the Applicant and the Principal Contractor, Emergency Contacts List, relevant statutory and non-statutory advice and guidance; and any other relevant information. These Environmental Notice Boards will be situated in prominent positions in the main reception area of the Proposed Development construction office.

8.2. External Meetings

The CEM will arrange and attend meetings with relevant statutory bodies as necessary together with the ECoW.

8.3. Community Liaison

At the earliest possible stage, the Applicant will actively engage with local residents to discuss the programme of work, learn of any concerns they may have, and determine how the Principal Contractor can minimise the impacts of construction on local residents.

The CEM will be the first point of contact for any queries and/or grievances regarding the construction of the PD and will be responsible for:

Recording all queries and/or issues raised;
Responding in an appropriate and timely manner,
Liaising with ELC and regulatory bodies as necessary in connection to any complaints; and
Monitoring any actions that need to be implemented.

9. Environmental Training

9.1. Inductions

All project construction personnel and sub-contractors will receive an Environmental Induction. No personnel, including sub-contractors, will be permitted to undertake any work on site without undertaking a site induction. The site induction will evolve to reflect changes in the CEMP as the project develops. Environmental topics covered in the induction shall include, but will not be limited to:

Water Resources;
Pollution Prevention;
Emergency Response Procedures;
Waste Management and Housekeeping;
Duties and Responsibilities;
Relevant Procedures;
Ecologically and Ornithological Sensitive Areas and Times;
Incident and Non-Conformance Reporting;
Consents, Licenses and Compliance;
Legislation; and
Environmental Good Practice.

9.2. Toolbox Talks

Toolbox Talks (TBTs) on specialised topics shall supplement the Environmental Induction course. TBTs shall be used to highlight issues of concern and to disseminate any new information or responsibilities. They will also be used as a means of providing basic environmental training to crews on a specialised topic, e.g., water management. The TBTs also offer site personnel the opportunity to provide feedback.

TBTs will be provided routinely, but also when:

There is a change to legislation, which requires an operational change;
Site inspections or audits have identified corrective actions which require rolling out;
Work is being undertaken in particularly sensitive areas; and
When there are significant changes in environmental conditions, e.g., heavy rainfall.

Records of all TBTs undertaken, including attendance, will be maintained.

9.3. Specialist Training

Specialist training for specific members of the construction crews will be provided as required. This may include, but will not be limited to:

Environmental Incidents;
Water management;
Waste Representatives;
Working near and in water; and
Fuel Tanker Drivers and Refuellers.

10. Incident Response

10.1. Environmental Incidents and Corrective Actions

All environmental incidents and near misses shall be reported and investigated by the CEM, reporting to the Applicant and Principal Contractor. Incidents will be recorded and those that, in the judgement of the CEM and/or ECoW, are deemed significant, will be reported to the Applicant and Principal Contractor as soon as possible. The Principal Contractor will comply with SSE Incident Reporting procedures including a 30 minute incident reporting line requirements. Where relevant, the appropriate authorities (e.g., NatureScot or SEPA) shall be informed immediately. Copies of incident investigation reports shall be supplied by the CEM to the Principal Contractor and the Applicant and action taken to prevent recurrence.

All corrective action, incident and near miss report forms shall be held in a register maintained at the construction site office base.

Any incident that may result in a significant adverse environmental impact, will be reported immediately to SEPA and ELC together with details of date, time, location, type, potential impact, and person calling.

10.2. Complaints Procedure

The Principal Contractor will provide contact details to which all written complaints should be addressed. All complaints will be addressed by the CEM.

The Applicant will ensure that a system is introduced for the logging and recording of any complaints that will be collated and a copy made available to the Principal Contractor, CEM and the relevant department of ELC. Any complaints received will be acknowledged within 24 hours during all hours when works, including deliveries, are taking place. The CEM shall ensure that all complaints receive a written response, to include details of any action undertaken if such action is deemed appropriate. The CEM shall provide the Applicant with a monthly report that details all complaints, and the actions taken.

11. Environmental Monitoring

11.1. Overview

Environmental monitoring will be undertaken during construction works to check compliance with set conditions and applicable environmental legislation.

The CEM, ECoW and Principal Contractor will review all operations to ensure compliance with the CEMP. Should deficiencies or opportunities for improvement be identified, the CEM, ECoW and the Principal Contractor will agree the actions required and the timescale for implementation with the staff responsible. The Principal Contractor will be responsible for recording all deficiencies, the action taken to remedy the deficiency and the success of such action. They will report to the Applicant and to statutory bodies as required.

11.2. Inspections and Audits

The CEM will undertake a programme of weekly environmental inspections and monthly environmental audits to record performance and identify any corrective actions required.

Provision will be made to carry out appropriate environmental inspections and monitoring of the Principal Contractor’s environmental performance in the form of monthly audits. Formal audits will be against an audit checklist which will provide a mechanism to monitor and assess legislative standards, licence conditions and any other provisions agreed with statutory undertakers.

Where problems are identified, corrective actions will be identified by the CEM and Principal Contractor and will be implemented by the Principal Contractor within a defined time frame.

The CEM and/or ECoW will inform the Principal Contractor and Applicant of any work that they feel should be stopped in order to avoid an unacceptable impact on the environment, in particular a breach of environmental legislation.

11.3. Specific Environmental Monitoring

Monitoring of specific environmental parameters will be carried out as necessary and requirements for environmental monitoring will be reviewed as further consents and licences are received and consultations completed.

Table 3 presents the key parameters that may require environmental monitoring and where further details will be provided post consent and on appointment of a Principal Contractor.

Table 3: Key Parameters That Require Monitoring

12. Environmental Management Plans

Onshore environmental specific mitigation measures are provided in the EIA Report within relevant technical chapters in Volume 1, Chapters 6-14. Volume 4, Appendix 15.1 of the EIA Report provides a schedule of all mitigation. The Applicant and the Principal Contractor will adhere to these mitigation measures during construction of the Proposed Development.

The following sections provide further information on the topic specific Outline Management Plans. These will be updated by the Principal Contractor within the full management plans to be included within the CEMP and agreed with ELC.

12.1. Outline Pollution Prevention and Contingency Plan

12.1.1. Introduction

This section provides an overview of what will be included within the Pollution Prevention and Contingency Plan (PPCP). Measures relating specifically to water pollution from particulates and sediments in run-off are addressed within the Outline Water Quality Management Plan. The environmental control measures defined within the PPCP apply to all personnel and all activities and operations associated with the Proposed Development.

Post-consent, the PPCP will be prepared by the Principal Contractor and agreed with ELC, SEPA and NatureScot. This will include agreed emergency procedures in the event of a pollution incident. The PPCP will take into consideration the Guidance contained within SEPA’s Supporting Guidance (WAT-SG-75) Sector Specific Guidance: Construction Sites (SEPA, 2018), which provides guidance on the application of environmental standards and good management practice techniques in relation to large scale construction sites and pollution control.

12.1.2. Plant and Machinery

All plant and machinery shall be regularly maintained to ensure good working order. Checks for leaks of fuel and lubricants will be conducted before works with plant and machinery is allowed to commence and maintenance and servicing records will be reviewed and updated as required.

A suitable quantity of pollution control equipment, e.g., spill kits containing absorbent pads, absorbent granules, absorbent booms etc. will be kept on site in the event of an emergency. The CEM will check pollution control equipment on a regular basis to ensure that it is adequately maintained (for example ensuring equipment is within date) within the construction areas, “Emergency Grab Packs” or spill kits to be carried in site vehicles and mobile plant and larger kits with fuel bowsers and emergency vehicles.

Static plant such as pumps and generators will be self-bunded or placed on drip trays wherever practicable to prevent leaking materials, from contaminating the ground or surface waters.

Mobile plant to be in good working order, kept clean and fitted with plant 'nappies' at all times.

No washing out of concrete and cement delivery vehicles will take place on-site without suitable provision for the washing out water and provision of a suitable location that is lined with a geotextile to prevent infiltration to ground. Such washing will not be allowed to flow into any drain. Wash water will be adequately contained, prevented from entering any drain, and removed from the Proposed Development site for appropriate disposal at a suitably licenced waste facility.

The site is to be secure to prevent any vandalism that could lead to a pollution incident. Further details of arrangements for dealing with spills, leaks and unplanned emissions, unplanned damage to the environment and other environmental incidents will be provided.

12.1.3. Storage and Handling

Fuel and Lubricants

All fuels will be stored in designated fuel storage areas that will satisfy the requirements of Schedule 3 of The Control of Pollution (Silage, Slurry and Agricultural Fuel Oil) (Scotland) Regulations 2003 (Scottish Government, 2003).

All fuels shall be stored in integral bunded fuel bowsers, designed to hold at least 110% of the contents of the largest container or 25% of the total, whichever is greater. All connections shall be situated within the bund. Fuel shall be stored at least 20 m away from any watercourse, where reasonably practicable. Refuelling within the construction areas shall be undertaken at least 20 m from any watercourses.

Oils and lubricants used within the construction areas will also be stored in temporary impermeable bunded areas or sealed bunded tanks designed to hold 110% of the largest container or 25% of the total, whichever is greater. No oil or fuel shall be stored within 20 m of a watercourse.

Construction waste/debris are to be prevented from entering any surface water drainage or water body by appropriate best practice measures.

Herbicides

Only trained sub-contractors shall apply herbicides, and only where their use is essential. Certificates of competence shall be inspected before application is allowed and a record of application made in accordance with the Control of Pesticides Regulations 1986. Where herbicide use is essential a glyphosate herbicide, suitable for use in or near watercourses and approved by SEPA, shall be used.

Control of Substances Hazardous to Health

All COSHH materials will be stored and handled in accordance with the COSHH Regulations 2002 (UK Government, 2002). A secure COSHH store will be set up within the construction site compound. COSHH assessments and Material Safety Data Sheets shall be held with the COSHH materials. A COSHH register shall be created and maintained on-site.

All site personnel and subcontractors will be made aware of the COSHH requirements through site inductions and specific toolbox talks. Daily site inspections will used to review and monitor the storage and issue of materials.

12.1.4. Pollution Incident Response

As part of the PPCP, the Principal Contractor will incorporate incident response measures. These measures are likely to include:

A suitably trained emergency environmental crew will be provided by the Principal Contractor to deal with pollution incidents in conjunction with other safety-related incidents as required; and
An emergency contact list and spill response flowchart shall be displayed on notice boards and on fuel bowsers.

12.2. Outline Construction Noise and Vibration Management Plan

12.2.1. Introduction

This section provides an overview of what will be included within the Construction Noise and Vibration Management Plan.

The noise impact levels resulting from the construction of the Proposed Development must be compliant with the threshold limits defined in the Environmental Impact Assessment. The following threshold noise levels at sensitive receptors have been set using the ‘ABC method’ provided in BS 5228 (British Standards Institution, 2014):

Weekday daytimes (weekdays 07:00 – 19:00 and Saturdays 07:00 – 13:00) – 65 to 75 dB;
Evenings and weekends (weekdays 19:00 – 23:00, Saturdays 13:00 – 23:00 and Sundays 07:00 – 23:00) – 55 to 65 dB; and
Night-time (23:00 – 07:00) – 45 to 55 dB.

Further details are provided within EIA Report Volume 1, Chapter 9.

12.2.2. Noise Management

In addition to the specific mitigation measures detailed within the EIA Report Volume 1, Chapter 9, the following standard mitigation measures will be implemented by the Principal Contractor to minimise noise impacts:

All construction activity will be undertaken in accordance with good practice as described by BS 5228-1: 2009;
All construction staff must show consideration to the sensitive receptors, including residential neighbours, and must not generate unnecessary noise when walking to and from the construction sites, or when leaving and arriving at work;
SMART reversing alarms will be used;
All personnel involved in the works will receive training and advice on noise minimisation and general good site practice through site-specific training and briefings;
All materials (including waste materials) shall be handled, stored, and used in a manner that minimises noise. This will include ensuring the efficient handling of materials to avoid unnecessary double handling and to ensure drop heights are minimised. Wherever practicable, materials will be lowered and not dropped from height;

Plant and equipment:

– Plant will be certified to meet relevant legislation and should be no noisier than would be expected based on the noise levels as stated in BS 5228-1: 2009 Noise and Vibration Control on Construction and Open Sites;

– Noisy plant or equipment will be situated as far as possible from site boundaries and will be fitted with exhaust silencers, maintained in good and efficient working order, and operated in such a manner as to minimise noise emissions. Plant will comply with the relevant statutory requirements;

– Semi-static equipment is to be sited and oriented as far as is reasonably practicable away from noise sensitive receptors and will have localised screening if deemed necessary;

– All plant will be regularly serviced, maintained, and operated in accordance with manufacturers’ instructions;

– Machines that are intermittently used will be shut down in the intervening periods between work or throttled down to a minimum;

– Engine compartments will be closed when equipment is in use;

– Site inductions will highlight the need for vehicle horns and alerts to only be used when absolutely necessary;

– The Principal Contractor will comply with the requirements of the Control of Pollution Act 1974 (with particular reference to Part III), the Environmental Protect Act 1990, the Health and Safety at Work Act 1974 and the Control of Noise at Work Regulations 2005;

– All trade contractors will be made familiar with current noise legislation and the guidance contained in BS 5228-1: 2009 (Parts 1 and 2) which will form a pre-requisite of their appointment;

– Deviation from approved method statements will be permitted only with prior approval from the Principal Contractor and other relevant parties. This will be facilitated by formal review before any deviation is undertaken; and

– Contact details which the public may use shall be provided by the Principal Contractor.

Traffic and deliveries:

– Vehicles shall not wait or idle on the public highway, with their engines running;

– Routing of HGVs will be agreed with the relevant Local Authorities (ELC);

– Deliveries shall be programmed to arrive during normal working hours, wherever practicable.

Monitoring, inspections, and reporting:

– The site log/ Daily Progress Report maintained by the Principal Contractors will include record of daily activities, mitigation measures, complaints, weather conditions etc.;

– Areas at risk from excessive noise activities will be inspected daily by the Principal Contractor;

– All complaints will be recorded and investigated, and any corrective actions implemented. Additionally, should any complaints arise regarding vibration they will be investigated, and monitoring measurements taken and analysed, with techniques modified where required; and

– Contact details will be established to provide the opportunity for the local community to raise their concerns if issues with site activities, such as noisy conditions, are causing a nuisance. These contact details will be provided by the Principal Contractor prior to commencing works.

12.3. Outline Construction Dust and Air Quality Management Plan

12.3.1. Introduction

This section provides an overview of what will be included within the Construction Dust and Air Quality Management Plan.

The Construction Dust and Air Quality Management Plan aims to ensure that the construction of the Proposed Development is carried out such that emissions of dust and other pollutants, including odour, are limited.

The key activities that will generate air pollution are the use of mechanical plant and vehicles, and earthworks. Plant equipment and vehicles will generate exhaust emissions which may impact local air quality (CO2, CO, PM10, PM2.5, NOx, SOx etc.). Dust will be generated through earthworks, such as ground-breaking, top-soil removal and storage.

Construction dust is not typically associated with human health effects as most dust particles are too big to be inhaled, but can cause eye, nose and throat irritation and lead to annoyance if deposited on cars, windows, and other property. Under Part III, Section 79 (Statutory nuisance and inspections therefor) of the Environmental Protection Act 1995, dust can be a statutory nuisance. However, there are no statutory standards for dust deposition which can be used to assess whether a nuisance has occurred, principally due to the normal variability of atmospheric dust, and the wide range of monitoring methods that seek to characterise the dust. Standards are therefore commonly adopted on a “custom and practice” basis (i.e., relevant to specific monitoring methods).

12.3.2. Dust and Air Quality Management

The Institute of Air Quality Management (IAQM) (2014) guidance standard measures for mitigating the impacts of dust during construction and demolition will be followed.

The following mitigation measures will be implemented by the Principal Contractor to minimise dust and air quality impacts:

Avoid the use of diesel or petrol generators, use mains electricity or battery powered equipment where practicable;
Use a system of on-site vehicle routes with turning areas and loading areas using suitable speed limits and signage;
Sheeting of potential dust-generating materials being transported on lorries/vans to and within the Cable Route Site;
Conduct all cutting and grinding operations in a manner to reduce the risk of dust migration (e.g., wet cutting techniques);
Adopt dust suppression techniques (e.g., water suppression, damping down access tracks and spraying down stockpiles during dry weather);
Regularly monitor both on- and off-site to ensure minimal dust and odour impacts upon local neighbours and wildlife;
Plan site layout so that machinery and dust causing activities are located away from receptors, as far as possible;
Erect solid screens or barriers around dusty activities that are at least as high as any stockpiles on-site;
Fully enclose specific operations where there is a high potential for dust production and the Proposed Development construction activity is active for an extensive period;
Keep site fencing, barriers and scaffolding clean using wet methods;
Remove materials that have a potential to produce dust as soon as possible, unless being re-used on-site;
Cover, seed, or fence stockpiles to prevent wind whipping;
Ensure an adequate water supply on the site for effective dust/particulate matter suppression/mitigation, using non-potable water where possible and appropriate;
Use enclosed chutes and conveyors, loading shovels, hoppers and other loading or handling equipment and use fine water sprays on such equipment wherever appropriate;
Ensure equipment is readily available on-site to clean any dry spillages, and clean up spillages as soon as reasonably practicable after the event, using wet cleaning methods;
Avoid scabbling (roughening of concrete surfaces) if possible;
Ensure sand and other aggregates are stored in bunded areas and are not allowed to dry out, unless this is required for a particular process, in which case ensure that appropriate control measures are in place;
Wind conditions shall be monitored throughout construction of the Proposed Development, and backfill material shall be dampened down when dust that could affect the public, road users or surrounding habitat is likely;
The Principal Contractor will provide road cleaning equipment (e.g., road sweepers) to remove dirt, mud or dust dropped or accumulating on roads to ensure public highways remain unaffected; and
Damping down access tracks and spraying down stockpiles during dry weather to reduce dust.

Monitoring and communications:

Display the name and contact details of person(s) accountable for air quality and dust issues at the Proposed Development. This will be the Principal Contractor;
Dust monitoring will be carried out by the CEM or ECoW on a weekly basis via visual checks to ensure minimal dust and odour impacts upon local neighbours and wildlife. These checks will be carried out and compared with previous recordings to provide a record of site conditions. These will be held as reference to any complaint;
Carry out daily visual inspections to monitor compliance, record inspection results, and make an inspection log available when requested. Record all inspections of haul routes and any subsequent action in a logbook;
Increase the frequency of site inspections by the person accountable for air quality and dust issues on-site when specific activities with a high potential to produce dust are being carried out and during prolonged dry or windy conditions;
Record all dust and air quality complaints, identify cause(s), take appropriate measures to reduce emissions in a timely manner, and record the measures taken;
Make the complaints log available when requested;
Record any exceptional incidents that cause dust and/or air emissions, either on or off-site, and the action taken to resolve the situation in the logbook; and
Wind conditions shall be monitored throughout the works and backfill material shall be dampened down when dust that could affect the public, road users or surrounding habitat is likely.

12.4. Outline Site Waste Management Plan

12.4.1. Introduction

This section provides an overview of what will be included within the Site Waste Management Plan (SWMP). The SWMP will be prepared by the Principal Contractor and will set out the practices to be put in place to ensure the control of waste on site, in a matter not detrimental to the local and wider environment. This encompasses the minimisation of waste and the removal of waste from site where necessary. The SWMP will set out measures to ensure compliance with the Duty of Care responsibilities as prescribed in Section 34 of the Environmental Protection Act 1990 and amended by The Waste (Scotland) Regulations 2012 including;

Implementation of the waste hierarchy;
Classification and segregation of waste;
Waste storage; and
Waste documentation and transport.

It is anticipated that the construction of the Proposed Development may give rise to the following types of waste:

wood;
domestic (e.g., glass, paper, cardboard, plastics, food, sewage);
metal (e.g., wire, steel);
soil;
hazardous substances (e.g., paint, oil, aerosols, batteries); and
aggregates (e.g., concrete, stone).

12.4.2. Strategy for Waste Reduction

The Principal Contractor will employ the following strategy to achieve maximum reuse and reduce landfill waste:

Sub-contractors will be contractually obliged to cooperate with the SWMP as part of their tender;
All staff will be required to engage in site inductions and environmental awareness campaigns;
Waste management will be incorporated into the design process, including planning for high volumes of waste, consideration of suitable manufacturers and appropriate storage measures;
The Principal Contractor will identify and segregate waste streams;
The Principal Contractor will reuse and recycle where possible;
The Principal Contractor will use suitable storage methods for all materials; and
Unauthorised waste disposal will be treated as an environmental incident and the Pollution Incidence Response will be implemented. Under no circumstances will waste material be burned or buried on the Proposed Development site.

12.4.3. Development Waste Management Specifics

Classification and Segregation of Waste

The SWMP will list all the site waste streams as identified and classified by the Principal Contractor in line with the methods and categories set out in the Waste Classification Technical Guidance WM3 (SEPA et al. 2017). The identified waste streams will be segregated and the storage and management of each will be set out within the SWMP including measures for special waste and organic material.

Special Waste

“Special waste” is any waste which contains properties that might make it harmful to human health or the environment.

Special waste could arise during construction from the following sources:

Maintenance of plant and machinery;
Oily water waste; and
Environmental spill recovery (small amounts only; larger volumes taken away directly for disposal).

Measures will be set out within the SWMP to ensure that:

All special waste will be segregated by type from other waste streams;
All waste oil will be stored in a bunded facility until such times that it is collected; and
Used filters, rags and absorbents will be stowed in the special waste container in drums or waste oil bags.

12.4.4. Organic Matter Management

Any spoil from excavations must be stored on areas of hardstanding, short grassland, or bare ground adjacent to the works. If anything needs to be stored on vegetation (long grassland or scrub) then the spoil must be wrapped to prevent animal ingress and the ECoW will be required to check the area first.

The waste organic material resulting from site clearance will be managed in-line with a Waste Hierarchy, thus helping to minimise potential environmental issues pertaining to this process.

12.4.5. Storage of Waste

The SWMP will outline measures regarding waste storage to minimise the risk of waste escaping, litter and / or pollution, such as:

All waste will be stored at the location in which it is generated, or within a designated central waste storage area;

These designated waste storage areas will be isolated from surface water drains and areas that discharge directly to the water environment;
Waste will be stored in suitable containers of sufficient capacity to avoid loss, overflow, or spillage;
Storage of liquid wastes will be on impermeable bunds that hold the capacity of the container;
Waste will be segregated by waste stream and storage containers will be clearly signed with the waste that they will hold e.g., wood, metal, plastics, or other appropriate waste stream;
Storage containers will be secure, covered, or enclosed;
There will be separate containers for special waste;
Skips will be monitored, and action taken if waste levels are too high; and
Burning of waste will be prohibited.

12.4.6. Waste Minimisation Measures

The following measures will be implemented to minimise the environmental impacts of construction waste arising from the Proposed Development.

Elimination:

The Proposed Development will aim to avoid the creation of waste through the detailed design stages. The control of design will reduce the risk of late-stage changes which will require rework and therefore reduce overall waste.

Reduction:

The Principal Contractor will undertake accurate measurement and ordering of required materials to reduce the volume of waste generated during construction (e.g., ordering standardised sizes to reduce onsite cutting);
Order materials on a just-in-time basis to reduce onsite storage time;
The Principal Contractor will ensure the effective and appropriate storage of materials to protect against damage and adverse weather conditions;
Ensure suppliers have a take-back option for packaging and surplus;
Maintain good communication with suppliers to reduce the amount of packaging included in deliveries;
The Principal Contractor will ensure the use of enclosed containers to store waste susceptible to spreading by wind or liable to cause litter; and
Remove general waste at frequent intervals and keep the site kept clean and tidy.

Waste Storage, handling, and segregation:

Store wastes in areas a suitable distance (i.e., 20m) away from surface or foul drains and watercourses;
Segregate all construction wastes, at a minimum, into hazardous and non-hazardous waste streams;
Segregate construction wastes into dry recyclables;
Cover waste containers if there is a risk that wastes may be blown out or the wastes contained therein are water sensitive (e.g., plasterboard wastes);
Store waste oils in suitable sized bunding;
Use waste signage such as labels that specify waste contents; and
Secure waste containers. Skips should be lockable if the site is insecure or vulnerable to theft and vandalism.

Re-Use:

Consider re-using uncontaminated excavated material arising during construction;
Consider re-using rubble and concrete as backfill, subsoil in landscaping areas and timber offcuts as temporary form work; and
Where possible, the Principal Contractor will purchase reclaimed or recycled materials or procure materials from sustainable sources.

Recycling:

The Principal Contractor will designate areas or containers for materials which can be recycled such as plastics, timber, steel, general waste, dry recyclables, batteries, aerosols, etc.
Off-site Disposal of Site Waste Streams:
Use of Non-Hazardous Waste Transfer Notes (WTNs) for the off-site disposal of all non-hazardous wastes;
Use of Special Waste Consignment Notes (SWCNs) for the off-site disposal of all hazardous wastes;
Retain all WTNs for at least two years and SWCNs for at least three years;
Only use licensed waste carriers to transport wastes from site and obtain documentation to demonstrate registration;
Obtain full copies of the Waste Management Licences or Exemptions for the disposal locations of site waste streams;
Waste contractors will be checked periodically (bi-annually) to ensure they maintain valid licences; and
Contact the CEM immediately in the event that site wastes are not taken to a licensed waste disposal or recycling facility.

Keep Legislative Records:

Retain copies of all relevant permits or licences for both carriers and disposal sites;
Record contact details for all waste carriers and disposal sites;
Keep audit reports;
Maintain recycling receipts for non-hazardous waste; and
Record a description of all waste removed from site including volume and consignment route number.

Monitoring:

Track the volumes of waste produced using key performance indicators (KPIs) and compare this against targets which will be set at the beginning of the project.

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